Prostate cancer is the most commonly diagnosed cancer in men, with more than 240,890 new cases expected this year, and the second leading cause of cancer death in men, according to the American Cancer Society's 2011 Cancer Facts and Figures.
Early prostate cancer is typically found using a prostate-specific antigen (PSA) test and a digital rectal exam (DRE). There are limits to both methods, but the main issue is that even when these tests find a cancer, they can't tell how dangerous the cancer is. Some prostate cancers grow slowly and may never cause a man any problems, while others are more aggressive.
Due to these complex issues, the American Cancer Society recommends that men have candid discussions with their doctors about the uncertainties, potential benefits and risks of prostate cancer testing so they can make an informed decision about whether to be tested. The society recommends that men with no symptoms of prostate cancer who are in relatively good health and can expect to live at least 10 more years start these talks at age 50.
Men at high risk - African American men and men who have a father, brother, or son diagnosed with prostate cancer before age 65 - should begin those conversations earlier, at age 45. Men at higher risk - those with multiple family members affected by the disease before age 65 - should start even earlier, at age 40.
While age, race/ethnicity, and family history are well-established risk factors for prostate cancer, recent studies suggest that a diet high in processed meat or dairy foods may also be a risk factor, and obesity appears to increase risk of aggressive prostate cancer. To help you stay well, the American Cancer Society recommends eating a healthy diet that includes five or more servings of a variety of fruits and vegetables each day, choosing whole grains over processed or refined grains, and limiting intake of processed and red meat - in addition to getting regular physical activity - to reduce risk for many types of cancer.
To learn more about the American Cancer Society's screening guidelines and other tips to stay well, visit cancer.org or call 1-800-227-2345 any time, day or night.